Zachowania zdrowotne rodziców dzieci z nadwagą i otyłością

Małgorzata Kołpa; Beata Jurkiewicz; Joanna Norek

doi:10.5604/01.3001.0010.7587

Authors

Małgorzata Kołpa Department of Nursing, Institute of Health Sciences, State Higher Vocational School in Tarnow, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8595-596X
Beata Jurkiewicz Department of Nursing, Institute of Health Sciences, State Higher Vocational School in Tarnow, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9788-7602
Joanna Norek Department of Nursing, Institute of Health Sciences, State Higher Vocational School in Tarnow, Poland

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.7587

Keywords:

physical activity, BMI, obesity, HBI, children

Abstract

Introduction: The period of puberty is especially important in the shaping of behaviours with respect to adequate diet and physical activity. Habits established during this period are repeated later in life.
Aim of the study: The purpose of the thesis was to determine the extent of influence of parents’ health behaviour on the physical activity of children with an excess body mass problem.
Material and methods: The research was conducted in the period from November 2015 to March 2016 at the University Children’s Hospital of Cracow among 88 parents whose children suffer from overweight and obesity. For this purpose, the research used the diagnostic survey method and the measurement method (body mass and height). The research tools included the Health Behaviour Inventory (HBI) by Juczyński, an authorial survey questionnaire, an anthropometer and the Tanita BF350 scales. Basic descriptive statistics were used to describe the results, the differences between variables were verified using the χ2 test of independence. The materiality level was assumed to be p<0.05.
Results: As many as 32 parents of children with excess body mass (36.36%) were overweight as well, while 28 (31.82%) kept their body mass within the norm. A large proportion of the respondents, 33 parents (37.50%), stated that it was not customary to do sports in their family, and less then a half of the children (n=36; 40.91%) regularly participated in physical education classes. Children of the parents whose BMI was normal participated in physical education classes significantly more often than children of the other parents (p<0.001). The average number of points obtained by the respondents in the HBI questionnaire equals 70.81 (SD=22.41 pp). Parents rated their health behaviour the highest on the “positive psychical attitude” subscale (avg. 18.01; SD=5.77 pp), and the lowest on the “health practices” subscale, which includes e.g. physical activity (avg. 17.24; SD=6.21 pp).
Conclusions: Health promoting activities shaping health behaviours should be performed by schools, with an active participation of parents. It is necessary to carry out educational programmes in the area of adequate nutrition and physical activity, which would expand knowledge of the problem.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Joanna Norek, Department of Nursing, Institute of Health Sciences, State Higher Vocational School in Tarnow, Poland

Graduate student of Institute of Health Science.

References

Wojtyczek B. Ocena wybranych elementów stylu życia (aktywności fizycznej, samooceny zdrowia) młodzieży rozpoczynającej studiaw Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego. MedSport, 2003, 19(1), 31-39. Google Scholar

Sęk H. Zdrowie behawioralne. [w:] Psychologia – podręcznik akademicki. Jednostka w społeczeństwie i elementy psychologii stosowanej, t. 3. Strelau J. (red.). Gdańskie Wydawnictwo Psychologiczne, Gdańsk, 2005, 533-553. Google Scholar

Woynarowska B., Mazur J. Zachowania zdrowotne i samoocena zdrowia. Raport z serii badań wykonanych w 1998 r. Katedra Biomedycznych Postaw Rozwoju i Wychowania Wydział Pedagogiczny Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, Warszawa, 1999. Google Scholar

Słońska Z., Misiura M. Promocja zdrowia. Słownik podstawowych terminów. Zakład Promocji Zdrowia, Instytut Kardiologii, Warszawa, 1994. Google Scholar

Jeżewska-Zychowicz M. Zachowania żywieniowe i ich uwarunkowania. Wydawnictwo SGGW, Warszawa, 2004. Google Scholar

Szczepański J. Elementarne pojęcia socjologii. PWN, Warszawa, 1970. Google Scholar

Broniecka A., Wyka J. Styl życia i stan zdrowia kobiet. Bromat Chem Toksykol, 2013, 46(3), 363-367. Google Scholar

Główny Inspektor Sanitarny: Problem nadwagi i otyłości w Polsce wśród osób dorosłych – dane epidemiologiczne. Wg Raportu GUS „Stan zdrowia ludności w 2009 r.”. Google Scholar

http://www.gis.gov.pl/ckfinder/userfiles/files/PZ/Materia%C5%82y%20PZ/oty%C5%82o-%C5%9B%C4%87_doro%C5%9Bli.pdf (dostęp:23.11.2016). Google Scholar

Główny Urząd Statystyczny: Ochrona zdrowia w gospodarstwach domowych w 2013 r. Dostępny w Internecie: http://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/zdrowie/zdrowie/ochrona-zdrowia-w-gospodarstwach-domowych-w--2013-r-,2,5.html (dostęp: 23.11.2016). Google Scholar

Oblacińska A., Tabak I. Jak pomóc otyłemu nastolatkowi? Rola pielęgniarki szkolnej i nauczyciela wychowania fizycznego we wspieraniu młodzieży z nadwagą i otyłością. Instytut Matki i Dziecka, Warszawa, 2006. Google Scholar

WHO. Physical Status: The use and interpretation of anthropometry (Report of a WHOExpert Committee). Technical Report Series,1995, 854, 1-452. Google Scholar

Cashdan E. A sensitive period for learning about food. Hum Nature, 1994, 5, 279-291. Google Scholar

Tabak I., Jodkowska M., Oblacińska i wsp. Czy spożywanie wspólnych posiłków z rodziną może chronić nastolatki przed otyłością. Dev Period Med, 2012, 16(4), 313-322. Google Scholar

Agras W.S., Hammer L.D., McNicholas F. et al. Risk factors for childhood overweight: A prospective study from birth to 9.5 years. J Pediatr, 2004, 145(1), 20-25. Google Scholar

Maher E.J, Guanghui L, Cater L. et al. Preschool child care participation and obesity atthe start of kindergarden. Pediatrics, 2008, 122, 322-330. Google Scholar

Manson J.E., Skerrett P.J., Greenland P. et al. The escalating pandemics of obesity and sedentary life style. A call to action for clinicians. Arch Inter Med, 2004, 164, 249-58. Google Scholar

Przewęda R., Dobosz J. Kondycja fizyczna polskiej młodzieży. Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego w Warszawie, Studia i monografie, Warszawa, 2003. Google Scholar

Woynarowska B., Mazur J. Zachowania zdrowotne młodzieży szkolnej w Polsce: wyniki badań HBSC 2002. Zdr Publ, 2004, 2, 159-167. Google Scholar

Wojtyła A., Biliński P., Bojar I. i wsp. Aktywność fizyczna młodzieży gimnazjalnej w Polsce. Probl Hig Epidemiol, 2011, 92(2), 335-342. Google Scholar