Factors Influencing Moderate‐to‐Vigorous Intensity Physical Activity Across Different Living Arrangements in Older Adults

Suguru Ando; Yoshihiro Yamashina; Masaki Iwamura; Yosuke  Yamato; Emiko Morita; Wataru  Nanikawa; Yui Kikuchi; Sho Kumabe

doi:10.55225/hppa.626

Authors

Suguru Ando Aino University, Graduate School of Health Sciences; Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2309-6303
Yoshihiro Yamashina ino University, Graduate School of Health Sciences; Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0169-5911
Masaki Iwamura ino University, Graduate School of Health Sciences; Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4657-1082
Yosuke Yamato ino University, Graduate School of Health Sciences; Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4547-9783
Emiko Morita ino University, Graduate School of Health Sciences; Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4815-9198
Wataru Nanikawa Aino University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9623-1708
Yui Kikuchi Aino University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8358-6892
Sho Kumabe Aino University, Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki City, Osaka, Japan https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5943-1652

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55225/hppa.626

Keywords:

long-term care, sedentary behavior, diurnal patterns

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in older adults, comparing those living in care facilities with community-dwelling individuals. Additionally, it examined diurnal variations in physical activity across different intensity levels.

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 10 older adults residing in a care facility (mean age 84.0 ± 6.2 years) and 17 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 75.7 ± 4.7 years). Participants wore a triaxial accelerometer for 1 week to measure sedentary behavior (SB), light physical activity (LPA), and MVPA. Data were analyzed by dividing the 15-h period (6:00–21:00) into five 3-h intervals to examine activity patterns. Descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, and multiple regression analyses identified factors associated with MVPA.

Results: Compared with community-dwelling older adults, their counterparts in care facilities engaged in significantly less MVPA. Long-term care certification, daily step counts, and time spent in LPA were key factors associated with MVPA. Diurnal patterns revealed that community-dwelling older adults were more active from 9:00–18:00, whereas those in care facilities spent more time in SB, particularly between 9:00 and 12:00.

Conclusions: Long-term care certification, daily step counts, and LPA were key factors influencing MVPA. Furthermore, significant differences in physical activity patterns between institutionalized and community-dwelling older adults highlight the need for tailored activity promotion programs.

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