Nephrosis as a paraneoplastic syndrome in the course of Hodgkin’s lymphoma in a 13-year-old boy – case report

Abstract

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is diagnosed in 16 out of 100,000 children, which makes it one of the most common childhood kidney diseases. The therapeutic process is based on the results of a series of tests, of which the most important in terms of diagnostics is the ratio of protein to creatinine in urine >2 and a decrease of albumin concentration in serum <2.5 g/l. The above symptoms are accompanied by edema and hyperlipidemia. Attention should be paid to careful assessment of the child’s condition based on medical history and physical examination supplemented with ultrasound examination. It is not often the case that the clinical presentation typical for nephrotic syndrome with generalized lymph node enlargement (lymphadenopathy), liver and spleen enlargement may suggest the presence of lymphoma. Paraneoplastic syndrome is a condition of clinical presentation associated with tumors that are not a close implication of local neoplastic or metastatic infiltration. The purpose of the article is to draw attention to the possibility of concealing Hodgkin’s disease by the symptoms of nephrotic syndrome by the case of a thirteen-year-old boy.