Research and development of CNC machine prototype for laser cutting and engraving

Abstract

Technological development of lasers has evolved rapidly. Lower-cost, highly reliable fibre lasers are now used to accurately engrave, cut, and mark components. The widespread use of laser across various industries has contributed to improvements in process quality and efficiency. CNC machines, which operate using computerised numerical control systems, are capable of performing a wide range of manufacturing tasks, including cutting and marking. Arduino, an open-source electronics platform, provides an accessible foundation for exploring embedded and CNC system design. This study presents an approach to improving laser control throughout its operational cycle. Control is achieved through end sensors, primarily at the initial stage of processing and information calibration. The main objective of the research is to design, construct and test of a low-cost CNC prototype for laser cutting and engraving based on the Arduino platform.