Science, Technology and Innovation

The influence of selected factors on the operation of electronic systems in near space

Andrzej Kołodziej, Robert Wielgat — Fri, 11 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0200

The paper reviews scientific reports describing the influence of selected physical factors in near space on the operation of electronic systems depending on the distance from the Earth’s surface. This influence is usually destructive. Therefore, devices operating in space require the use of electronic components and devices in which special materials have been used and design solutions have been applied that make them resistant to difficult and variable operating conditions. On the one hand, we are talking about rapidly changing pressure, humidity, temperature and gravitational field during ascent and about long-term stay in space, where conditions occur that are not encountered in any environment on Earth. These conditions are not only deadly dangerous to people but can also damage or even completely destroy electronic equipment of measuring probes, spaceships, and vehicles. The paper describes not only the destructive factors to which electronic systems transferred to extraterrestrial space are exposed but also methods of protecting them against the aforementioned factors, including methods of increasing resilience (hardening) and redundant methods protecting electronic systems from the effects of radiation and pressure changes.

Quantitative and qualitative characteristics of industrial oil

Dominik Zdzieszyński, Stefania Wasiela, Piotr Niemiec — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0200

The subject of this publication is research carried out on two industrial oils which were used in a continuous oil system, ensuring lubrication of machine elements. In addition, the aspect of the physicochemical properties of the oil and the method of assessing its suitability for operational purposes are discussed. In the paper are presented quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis of industrial oils, according to applicable standards and method of their implementation. The research was carried out over a period of 5 months, so it was possible to determine what parameters of the oils changed during their use. This aspect was the basis for the conclusion on the evaluation of the suitability of the oil as a lubricant in the further operation of the machines. The selected oils that were analyzed differed in purpose, as one of them was a mineral turbine oil and the other a mineral compressor oil.

The use of Monte Carlo simulations to assess the potential of gyroidal nanocarbons application as adsorbents for sulphur dioxide capture

Sylwester Furmaniak, Piotr Gauden — Wed, 30 Apr 2025 00:00:00 +0200

Sulphur dioxide is a gaseous pollutant that can have a negative impact on the environment and human health. Adsorption is one of the methods of its removal. In the current study, Monte Carlo simulations were used to predict the adsorption properties of gyroidal nanoporous carbons towards SO₂. Such systems are a new promising class of broadly understood carbon nanomaterials. The effects of their porous structure on sulphur dioxide capture were systematically studied using the series of model carbonaceous structures of gyroidal geometry. The results of simulations for these adsorbents were compared with those for adsorption in disordered pores of activated carbons. It was confirmed that the key parameter is the pore size. SO₂ adsorption amount at its low pressure is the largest for gyroidal nanocarbons of the narrowest pores and the entire volume of their pores can be filled at a lower pressure. On the other hand, the rise in pore size causes an increase in the maximum number of moles of sulphur dioxide absorbed by a unit of the adsorbent mass, but this is achieved at a higher pressure of this gas. From a practical point of view, adsorption at its low pressures is of primary importance. In such conditions, gyriodal nanocarbons, especially those with narrow pores, such as GNC-04, can be effective adsorbents of SO₂.

Comparative study of eco-filament from PET bottles with commonly used filaments in 3D printing

Maciej Kiełbasa, Wojciech Żyłka — Mon, 23 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0200

The article presents a device for producing eco-filament from PET bottles for 3D printing. Comparative studies were conducted on 3D prints made from the produced eco-filament and standard, commonly used filaments. The research focuses on a comparative analysis of the eco-filament with commercially available PET-based material. Strength tests and a comparative analysis of the obtained results are presented, particularly focusing on the parameters from tensile and bending tests.